Or operator in stata forex
SPSS enables the data to be summarized, displayed and gives production-ready analysis that can be exported to different types of document such as Excel, PDF etc. SPSS has advanced features such as random effects with solution results, robust and standard error handling, profile plots with error bars, whereas Stata discovers and understands the unobserved data groups on the basis of Latent Class Analysis LCA which is a feature of Stata.
SPSS compute statistics and standard data errors from complex data sample designs and analyses data on multi-stage designs, whereas Stata allows creating web pages, texts, regressions, results, reports, graphs, etc.
SPSS latest version executes new Bayesian Statistics functions containing regression, t-tests and ANOVA, which is becoming more popular that circumvents a lot of misunderstanding created by standard statistical analysis, whereas Stata has mixed logit models that provide advanced choice modelling, which makes dozens of choices every day to introduce random effects into choice modelling which results in relaxation of assumption and increase in flexibility.
SPSS can quickly create modern charts attractively. Their editing in Microsoft Office tools, which are not easier normally in the native methods, the chart builder in SPSS can make these things more easier by creating publication standard charts. Specify equations "" to match all equations by name. Alternatively, specify matchlist, which has the syntax term [, term If a number, it specifies the position of the equation in the corresponding model; would indicate that equation 1 in the first model matches equation 3 in the second, which matches equation 1 in the third.
A period indicates that there is no corresponding equation in the model; In syntax 2, you specify just one number, say, 1 or 2, and that is shorthand for If it is suppressed, a name such as 1 or 2 etc. For example, equations 1 indicates that all first equations are to be matched into one equation named 1. All equations not matched by position are matched by name. The exponent of b is displayed in lieu of the untransformed coefficient; standard errors and confidence intervals are transformed as well.
Specify a pattern if the exponentiation is to be applied only for certain models. For instance, eform 1 0 1 would transform the statistics for Models 1 and 3, but not for Model 2. Note that, unlike regress and estimates table, estout in eform-mode does not suppress the display of the intercept.
Note: eform is implemented via the transform option. If both options are specified, transform takes precedence over eform. Use as a placeholder for the function's argument in fx and dfx. For example, type estout Alternatively, list may be specified as coefs fx dfx [ Syntax for coefs is as explained above in the description of the drop option however, include coefs in quotes if it contains multiple elements.
Say, a model has two equations, price and select, and you want to exponentiate the price equation but not the select equation. You could then type estout Specify the pattern suboption if the transformations are to be applied only for certain models. For instance, pattern 1 0 1 would apply the transformation to Models 1 and 3, but not Model 2. This option has an effect only if mfx has been applied to a model before its results were stored see help mfx or if a dprobit see help probit , truncreg,marginal help truncreg , or dtobit Cong model is estimated.
One of the parameters u, c, or p, corresponding to the unconditional, conditional, and probability marginal effects, respectively, is required for dtobit. Note that the standard errors, confidence intervals, t-statistics, and p-values are transformed as well. Using the margin option with multiple-equation models can be tricky. The marginal effects of variables that are used in several equations are printed repeatedly for each equation because the equations per se are meaningless for mfx.
To display the effects for certain equations only, specify the meqs option. Alternatively, use the keep and drop options to eliminate redundant rows. The equations option might also be of help here. As of Stata 11, the use of mfx is no longer suggested, since mfx has been superseded by margins. Results from margins can directly be tabulated by estout as long as the post option is specified with margins. Alternatively, you may add results from margins to an existing model using estadd margins or estpost margins.
The first token in string is used as the symbol. The default is: discrete " d " for discrete change of dummy variable from 0 to 1 To display explanatory text, specify either the legend option or use the discrete variable see the Remarks on using -variables.
Use nodiscrete to disable the identification of dummy variables as such. The default is to indicate the dummy variables unless they have been interpreted as continuous variables in all of the models for which results are reported for dprobit and dtobit, however, dummy variables will always be listed as discrete variables unless nodiscrete is specified. Specifying this option does not affect how the marginal effects are calculated. If you use the equations option to match equations, be sure to refer to the matched equation names and not to the original equation names in the models.
The default text is " dropped ". The scalarlist may contain numeric e -scalars such as, e. In addition, the following statistics are available: aic Akaike's information criterion bic Schwarz's information criterion rank rank of e V , i. The rules for the determination of p are as follows note that although the procedure outlined below is appropriate for most models, there might be some models for which it is not : 1 p-value provided: If the e p scalar is provided by the estimation command, it will be interpreted as indicating the p-value of the model.
This p-value corresponds to the standard overall F test of linear regression. This p-value corresponds to the Likelihood-Ratio or Wald chi2 test. Type ereturn list after estimating a model to see a list of the returned e -scalars and macros see help ereturn. Use the estadd command to add extra statistics and other information to the e -returns.
Use: fmt fmt [ fmt Note that the last specified format is used for the remaining scalars if the list of scalars is longer than the list of formats. Thus, only one format needs to be specified if all scalars are to be displayed in the same format. If no format is specified, the default format is the display format of the coefficients.
If specified, the labels are used instead of the scalar names. For example:. Use the label suboption to rename such statistics, e. An alternative approach is to use estout's substitute option see the Layout options. The stars are attached to the scalar statistics specified in scalarlist. If scalarlist is omitted, the stars are attached to the first reported scalar statistic. The printing of the stars is suppressed in empty results cells i. The determination of the model significance is based on the p-value of the model see above.
Hint: It is possible to attach the stars to different scalar statistics within the same table. The default is to print the statistics in separate rows beneath one another in each model's first column. Rows and cells that contain blanks have to be embraced in quotes. For example, Cells may contain multiple statistics and text other than the placeholder symbol is printed as is provided the cells' statistics are part of the model. Note that the number of columns in the table only depends on the cells option see above and not on the layout suboption.
If, for example, the table has two columns per model and you specify three columns of summary statistics, the summary statistics in the third column are not printed. The default placeholder is. Note that the thresholds must lie in the 0,1] interval and must be specified in descending order. Long names labels are abbreviated depending on the abbrev option and short or empty cells are padded out with blanks to fit the width specified by the user.
Specifying low values may cause misalignment. If a non-zero modelwidth is specified, model names are abbreviated if necessary depending on the abbrev option and short or empty results cells are padded out with blanks. In contrast, modelwidth does not shorten or truncate the display of the results themselves coefficients, t-statistics, summary statistics, etc.
Specify a list of numbers in modelwidth to assign individual widths to the different results columns the list is recycled if there are more columns than numbers. The purpose of modelwidth is to be able to construct a fixed-format table and thus make the raw table more readable.
Be aware, however, that the added blanks may cause problems with the conversion to a table in word processors or spreadsheets. The default is to place the equations below one another in a single column. Summary statistics will be reported for each equation if unstack is specified and the estimation command is either reg3, sureg, or mvreg see help reg3 , help sureg , help mvreg. For more information on using such functions, see the description of the functions in help file.
See the begin option above for further details. See the cells option for details. The default string is a single blank. The standard decimal symbol a period or a comma, depending on the input provided to set dp; see help format is replaced by string. The standard minus sign - is replaced by string. Use nolz to advise estout to omit the leading zeros that is, to print numbers like 0. For example, extracols 1 adds an extra column between the left stub of the table and the first column.
The wrap option is only useful if several parameter statistics are printed beneath one another and, therefore, white space is available beneath the labels. The default is interaction " ". The string is printed at the top of the table unless prehead , posthead , prefoot , or postfoot is specified. In the latter case, the variable title can be used to insert the title.
The string is printed at the bottom, of the table unless prehead , posthead , prefoot , or postfoot is specified. In the latter case, the variable note can be used to insert the note. For example, the specification. Various substitution functions can be used as part of the text lines specified in strlist see the Remarks on using -variables.
For example, hline plots a horizontal "line" series of dashes, by default; see the hlinechar option or M inserts the number of models in the table. M could be used in a LaTeX table heading as follows:. The default is hlinechar - , resulting in a dashed line. The substitute may also be helpful; see the Layout options. The suboptions are: blist matchlist to assign specific prefixes to certain rows in the table body. Specify the matchlist as pairs of regressors and prefixes, that is: name prefix [name prefix Note that equation names cannot be used if the unstack option is specified.
This option may, for example, be useful for separating thematic blocks of variables by adding vertical space at the end of each block. A LaTeX example:. Labels containing spaces should be embraced in double quotes "label 1" "label 2" etc. An example would be to add a column indicating the hypothesized directions of effects, e. Use double quotes to break the title into several rows given there are multiple header rows , i.
The default is the value of modelwidth. For example, assume that you include the categorical variable rep78 "Repair Record " from the auto dataset in some of your models using xi see help xi. You can now type. The suboptions are: label string to specify the label that is printed in the table columns. The default is label ref. Type nolabel to suppress the default label.
The default is above. For example, if the 5th category of rep78 is used as reference category, i. The default is to use the names of the stored estimation sets or their titles, if the label option is specified and titles are available. The suboptions for use with mlabels are: depvars to specify that the name or label of the first dependent variable of the model be used as model label. Note that the label option implies titles unless notitles is specified. The default is to compose a label from the names or labels of the statistics printed in the cells of that column.
The default is to use the equation names as stored by the estimation command, or to use the variable labels if the equation names correspond to individual variables and the label option is specified. The suboptions for use with eqlabels are: merge to merge equation labels and parameter labels instead of printing equation labels in separate rows. This is useful, e. The labels are placed in the first physical column of the output for the group of models to which they apply.
The suboptions for use with mgroups are: pattern pattern to establish how the models are to be grouped. For example,. Note that the first group will always start with the first model regardless of whether the first token of pattern is a one or a zero. In particular, the span suboption might be of interest here. The default is to enclose the numbers in parentheses, i. Alternatively, specify l and r to change the tokens on the left and right of each number.
For example, numbers "" " " would result in 1 , 2 , etc. It may be used even if the file does not yet exist. This is the default unless using is specified. Use notype to suppress the display of the table. This option does not affect how tabs are written to the text file specified by using.
Note that substitute does not apply to text inserted by topfile or bottomfile. In addition, there are five internal styles called smcl default for screen display , tab export default , fixed, tex, and html. The smcl style is suitable for displaying the table in Stata's results window and is the default unless using is specified. It includes SMCL formatting tags and horizontal lines to structure the table. Note that explicitly specified options take precedence over settings provided by a style.
For example, if you type. Similarly, specifying noabbrev will turn abbreviation off if using the fixed style. See Defaults files in the Remarks section to make available your own style. Note that instead of typing option , none you may simply specify option none. If begin is specified in varlabels or stats ,labels , the prefix will be repeated for each regressor or summary statistic.
Use nofirst to suppress the first occurrence of the prefix. In varlabels , nofirst applies equation-wise, i. If end is specified in varlabels or stats ,labels , the suffix will be repeated for each regressor or summary statistic. Use nolast to suppress the last occurrence of the suffix. In varlabels , nolast applies equation-wise, i.
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There is a changes the mouse on the client's pointer that resembles example, 60 days. Please download DrWeb-CureIt to change the. Please note that remote folder where on "New Meeting," and invite up to people to. The same logic would apply if you were only interested in domestic cars:. Otherwise, the result would be 1 or 0 according to whether mpg was or was not greater than Numerical value of logical expressions always proves useful when we want to count something.
Suppose we want to create a new variable in which we will put the frequencies of mpg being greater than 30, by categories of rep In the third statement, we replace the running count with its last value, the total count. This process is all done within the framework of by , for which data must be sorted on rep78, which is done first.
Under by:, the generate is carried out separately for each group of rep Similarly, the replace is done separately for each group of rep You are also able to save a statement by making use of by As it happens, there is a quicker way to do the above commands with egen :.
Here we use the fact that there are no missing values of mpg in the auto dataset. And, whenever you know this is true of a variable in your data, you too can ignore the possibility of missing values. That is a safe and never sorry method whenever you want to exclude missing values. Of course, if missing means in practice "too high to be measured", then you might want to include missing. Rule 2: Logical or Boolean arguments, such as the argument to if or while, may take on any value, not just 0 or 1; 0 is treated as false and any other numeric value as true Now consider what happens if you type something like.
We see above a more long-winded explanation of this process. This method looks like the same idea in a different form. It is, but there are extra twists. Consider now. It will still try its best to find a way of deciding on true or false; in fact, it will accept any argument that evaluates to a number not 0 as true, and any argument that evaluates to 0 as false. If the mathematical or computer jargon "argument" is new to you, think of it here as indicating whatever is fed to if.
For a numeric variable such as foreign, Stata looks at the values of that variable, and not 0 is treated as true and 0 as false. In other words,. This is always true for any numeric variable. In practice, there is a shortcut if and only if you have an indicator variable that takes only the values 0 or 1. The two statements. In the second statement, Stata looks at the values of the variable foreign, and then executes the action if and only if the value is a number not 0.
In the auto dataset, foreign is not 0 when and only when it is equal to 1, so the two conditions are satisfied by exactly the same observations. Over time this will save you many keystrokes when you are working with indicator variables, and it will let you type Stata syntax close to the way you are thinking, say, if female or even if! But remember that numeric missings count as not 0 because they indicate a number much greater than 0.
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